Harley-Davidson motorcycles are renowned for their rugged durability, classic styling, and iconic place in American motorcycling culture. While these bikes are built to last, buying a used unit requires careful consideration. Here are essential factors to consider in order to avoid potential pitfalls when purchasing a used Harley.

Mileage

Higher mileage usually means that components like the engine, transmission, and drivetrain will have seen more wear and tear. Motorcycles used for long-distance cruising might have higher mileage but could also have been well-maintained, whereas bikes with lower mileage that sat idle for long periods might have issues like rust or dried seals.

Maintenance History  

A well-documented maintenance history is a strong indicator of how well the Harley has been cared for. Look for regular oil changes, brake fluid flushes, and tire replacements at proper intervals. Major services, like valve adjustments or drive belt replacements, should be completed according to Harley-Davidson’s service schedule.

Ownership History  

Finding the exact number of previous owners can help you understand the bike’s condition. If the Harley has had multiple owners in a short period, it may be a red flag that the motorbike has unresolved issues. A single-owner bike is often better maintained because the owner likely had a longer-term investment in its upkeep.

Accident History  

Knowing if the Davidson has been involved in accidents is vital. Even if repaired, structural damage may compromise the frame’s integrity or suspension. Signs of a previous accident include mismatched paint, bent handlebars, or uneven frame alignment. Some online services can provide a report detailing the accident and repair history.

Model-Specific Issues  

Certain Harley models are known for specific problems that arise over time. For instance, early Twin Cam engines (pre-2007) had issues with cam chain tensioners, which required replacement to avoid catastrophic engine damage. It’s essential to research the Harley year and model to identify any common problems.

Modifications and Aftermarket Parts  

Harleys are highly customizable, but not all modifications are beneficial. Aftermarket exhausts, air intakes, and engine tuning can improve performance but may affect the bike’s reliability if done improperly. Additionally, non-OEM parts could void warranties or affect the bike’s resale value and insurance.

Tire Condition  

Inspect both the front and rear tires for signs of wear or damage. The tread should be even across the tire, with no signs of cupping or scalloping, which can indicate suspension or alignment issues. Check the date codes on the Harley-Davidson tires as well—tires older than five years should be replaced.

Brakes  

Worn or malfunctioning Harley brakes are a safety concern. Examine the thickness of the brake pads and check if the rotors show signs of warping or scoring. Test the brake lever and pedal for smooth operation, ensuring no sponginess, which could indicate air in the brake lines or failing master cylinders.

Engine Condition  

The engine is the most expensive component to repair or replace. Listen to the engine for unusual noises that could indicate internal damage or improper tuning. Also, check for oil leaks around the gaskets and seals. Performing a compression or leak-down test can give you an accurate idea of the Harley’s engine health.

Transmission and Clutch  

Harley-Davidson transmissions are generally durable, but problems can occur with older or poorly maintained bikes. Test ride the bike to assess the smoothness of the gear shifts. If the clutch feels too stiff or slips under acceleration, it might need adjustment or replacement.

Electrical System  

The electrical system on a Harley includes the battery, ignition, lights, and other electronics. Ensure there are no signs of wear, fraying, or improper modifications in the wiring. Also, before paying for the bike, test all lights, including the headlight, taillight, indicators, and horn, to ensure they work correctly.

Paint and Finish  

Look for signs of rust, especially on the frame, under the fenders, and exhaust. Also, check the chrome for pitting or discoloration, which can indicate exposure to the elements. While minor scratches or chips in the paint are common, rust or corrosion can spread and weaken the Harley’s components.

Suspension  

Suspensions play a major role in the comfort and handling of a Harley. Check for any oil leaks around the fork seals, as this can indicate that the front suspension needs a rebuild. When pushing down on the suspension, it should compress and rebound smoothly, without excessive bouncing.

Title and Legal Status  

Before making a purchase, ensure that the Harley has a clean title. A bike with a salvage title could have been previously damaged by a severe accident or flood and this can significantly reduce its resale value and make insuring it more difficult for you as the new owner. 

Price and Market Value  

Finally, compare the price with the current market value. Research the going rate for the make, model, year, and condition of the Harley Davidson. Online resources like Kelley Blue Book and NADA Guides offer suggestions on fair prices. Remember to factor in additional costs for repairs or maintenance.